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Air (music)
Air (Italian: "aria"; also ''ayr'', ''ayre'' in French), a variant of the musical song form (in opera, cantata and oratorio often referred to as aria), is the name of various song-like vocal or instrumental compositions, and can also be applied to the interchangeable melodies of folk songs and ballads.
==English lute ayres==
Lute ayres emerged in the court of Elizabeth I of England toward the end of the 16th century and enjoyed considerable popularity until the 1620s. Probably based on Italian monody and French ''air de cour'', they were solo songs, occasionally with more (usually three) parts, accompanied on a lute.〔G. J. Buelow, ''History of Baroque Music: Music in the 17th and First Half of the 18th Centuries'', Indiana University Press, 2004〕 (p. 306). Their popularity began with the publication of John Dowland's (1563–1626) ''First Booke of Songs or Ayres'' (1597). His most famous ayres include ''Come again,'' ''Flow my tears,'' ''I saw my Lady weepe,'' and ''In darkness let me dwell''.〔 The genre was further developed by Thomas Campion (1567–1620) whose ''Books of Airs'' (1601) (co-written with Philip Rosseter) contains over 100 lute songs and was reprinted four times in the 1610s.〔C. MacClintock, ''Readings in the history of music in performance'', Indiana University Press, 1982, p. 194.〕 Although this printing boom died out in the 1620s, ayres continued to be written and performed and were often incorporated into court masques.〔 (p. 309).
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